Science & Data

IP addresses

Hissab understands IPv4 and IPv6 address literals, CIDR blocks, and IPv4 subnet masks. You can convert formats, offset addresses, mask addresses with bitwise operators, and calculate subnet details.

192.168.1.1 to integer
2001:db8::1 to expanded
network(192.168.1.130/24)
contains(192.168.1.0/24, 192.168.1.5)

Representations

IPv4 — 192.168.1.1
IPv6 compressed — 2001:db8::1, fe80::1, ::1
IPv6 canonical — 2001:db8:0:0:0:0:0:1
CIDR block — 192.168.1.0/24, 2001:db8::/32
IPv4 subnet mask — 255.255.255.0
IPv4-mapped IPv6 — ::ffff:192.168.1.1

Format conversion

Use to for address format conversions.

Target	Example
Integer	`192.168.1.1 to integer`
Dotted binary	`192.168.1.1 to binary`
Dotted hex	`192.168.1.1 to hex`
Expanded IPv6	`2001:db8::1 to expanded`
Compressed IPv6	`2001:db8:0:0:0:0:0:1 to compressed`
CIDR notation	`10.0.0.0/24 to cidr`

192.168.1.1 to integer
192.168.1.1 to binary
192.168.1.1 to hex
2001:db8::1 to expanded
2001:db8:0:0:0:0:0:1 to compressed

Use ipv4(...) and ipv6(...) to build addresses from integers.

ipv4(3232235777)

Address arithmetic

Add or subtract a number to offset an address. Subtract one address from another to get the distance between them.

192.168.1.1 + 5
192.168.0.255 + 1
192.168.1.10 - 192.168.1.1

Bitwise masking

IP addresses work with bitwise operators, which makes common mask operations direct.

192.168.1.130 & 255.255.255.0
192.168.1.0 | 0.0.0.255
~255.255.255.0

CIDR and subnet functions

Subnet functions need a CIDR block so Hissab knows the prefix length.

Function	Description	Example
`network(cidr)`	Network address	`network(192.168.1.130/24)`
`broadcast(cidr)`	Broadcast address	`broadcast(192.168.1.0/24)`
`netmask(cidr)`	Subnet mask	`netmask(10.0.0.0/24)`
`subnetmask(cidr)`	Alias for `netmask`	`subnetmask(10.0.0.0/24)`
`wildcard(cidr)`	Inverse mask	`wildcard(192.168.1.0/24)`
`firsthost(cidr)`	First usable host	`firsthost(192.168.1.0/24)`
`lasthost(cidr)`	Last usable host	`lasthost(192.168.1.0/24)`
`hosts(cidr)`	Usable host count	`hosts(192.168.1.0/24)`
`addresses(cidr)`	Total address count	`addresses(192.168.1.0/24)`
`prefix(maskOrCidr)`	Prefix length	`prefix(255.255.255.0)`

network(192.168.1.130/24)
broadcast(192.168.1.0/24)
netmask(10.0.0.0/24)
wildcard(192.168.1.0/24)
firsthost(192.168.1.0/24)
lasthost(192.168.1.0/24)
hosts(10.0.0.0/26)
addresses(192.168.1.0/24)
prefix(255.255.255.0)

Classification and membership

Classification functions return true or false, except for version, which returns 4 or 6.

version(2001:db8::1)
contains(192.168.1.0/24, 192.168.1.5)
isprivate(10.1.2.3)
ispublic(8.8.8.8)
isloopback(127.0.0.1)
ismulticast(224.0.0.1)

IPv6 results display in compressed form by default. Use to expanded when you need the full zero-padded form.

Common mistakes

network(192.168.1.130) is invalid because network, broadcast, mask, and host calculations need a CIDR prefix. Use network(192.168.1.130/24).
3232235777 to ipv4 is invalid. Use the constructor form: ipv4(3232235777).
192.168.1.5 in 192.168.1.0/24 does not test subnet membership. Use contains(192.168.1.0/24, 192.168.1.5).